Workplace harassment with its serious consequences is a persistent workplace problem for individuals
and organizations. Varying from physical health problems to emotional dilemmas, harassment takes a toll
on victims whereas organizations suffer as well, with its effects in the form of turnover, low job
satisfaction, reduced commitment and absenteeism. Therefore, all such initiatives that prevent this
negative workplace behavior are crucial for the effective working of the organizations. This paper uses
Clarke’s situational crime prevention techniques as an anti-harassment framework however it presents a
sixth technique that needs to be followed by organizations if they effectively want to combat harassment
i.e. grooming of transformational leaders. The situational crime prevention framework developed by
Clarke put significant importance on physical security. Whereas the anti-harassment framework presented
in this paper is mainly focused on administrative systems of vigilance, governance and guidance. The
current study proposes that organizations can get the benefit of placing the situational crime prevention
framework if they increase awareness among their leaders that how their behaviors significantly affect
their employees in the workplace. Organizations need to understand that a long-term proactive perspective
that enhances social relations is needed to promote a harassment-free environment at the workplace.
The purpose of study is to examine the mediating role of psychological empowerment between the leader
characteristics of transformational leadership and emotional intelligence with employee innovative work
behaviour.This study employed partial least square- structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the
mediating role of psychological empowerment. In addition, this study collected data through structured
questionnaire and convenience sampling from 185 respondents.The finding of this research shows that
psychological empowerment is important mediator between the relationships of emotional intelligence and
transformational leadership with innovative work behavior. In addition, the result yield that emotional
intelligence does not affect employee innovative work behaviour. However, tranformational leadership found
to be positively affecting psychological empowerment and innovative work behaviour. This study has wider
implications for the business leaders, managers, and consultants. Results of this reseach imply that the
psychological empowerment of employee is sine qua non for the innovative work behaviour. The leader has
onerous responsibilty to cultivate environment where employee feel motivated and free to embark on creativity
and demonstrate innovative behaviour.
The present research has explored the role of social interaction and social presence, two
components of social gratification, in shaping up social network gaming habitual behavior. The
study has analyzed sequential mediation of flow experience and consumer satisfaction in between
the association social gratification facets and social network gaming habitual behavior. 500
responses were collected from social gaming consumers of Pakistan using convenience sampling
technique. 471 responses were found to be appropriate for data analysis. SPSS 25.0 was used for
descriptive statistics, frequency distribution and correlation analysis while PROCESS SPSS Macro
was used for examining the mediation effects. The proposed research model was also analyzed
and validated using structural equation modelling through AMOS 22. Results of the study revealed
that flow experience and consumer satisfaction play significant role as sequential mediators
between social gratification facets and social network gaming habitual behavior. Consumer
satisfaction was observed to play the most effective role among all determinants considered in the
present research. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations and future research directions
have been discussed as well.
This study aims to examine the impact of managers’ systems thinking skills on the
strategic performance of an organization with moderating role of gender. Organizational strategic
performance has always been a significant measurement of overall actions of all employees
specifically managers. Banking managers are nowadays facing challenges to cope with increasing
new systems and processes of change, complexity, interaction, flexibility and uncertainty being
core areas of systems thinking skills. 218 middle-level managers of employees participated by
filling the self-administrated questionnaires from the banking sectors of Pakistan. The results were
generated by using Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The results showed that
there is significant relationship of managers’ system thinking skills on strategic performance of
organization whereas gender does not moderate relationship between these variables. The study
provides a model to top management and leaders that can help management to foster a positive
attitude towards systems thinking skills. Further, the study also highlights that managers’ systems
thinking skills is most significant and companies have to ensure that all organizational processes,
policies and systems must be efficient and effective to meet needs of the company’s strategic
performance. Implications and Avenue for future research are also suggested at the end of study.
This study attempts to investigate the impact of monetary policy and macroeconomic
together with bank specific variables on bank performance and bank risk taking on their loan
portfolios. In this study, reserves and loan loss provision are selected as a proxy to measure bank
risk whereas return on assets is selected as a proxy for bank’s performance. The study also include
the two bank specific control variables such as bank size and bank capitalization, and
macroeconomic variables such as consumer price index and gross domestic product. This study
used fixed effect and random effect panel data estimation techniques on dataset of top twenty
Pakistanis banks from 2006 to 2020. This study confirms that bank risk taking positively linked
with gross domestic product, consumer price index but nothing to do with interbank offer rate.
However, the bank size have negative relationship with bank risk, and bank capital have no role
in changing bank risk. Whereas, bank performance is positively linked with the interbank offer,
gross domestic product and bank specific variables. The consumer price index don’t have any
effect on bank performance. Study findings will be helpful for banks management to mitigate
associated risks and enhance profitability in a more effective manner. However, for researchers it
helps to understand critical areas dealing with banks risk taking appetite and performance.
In this paper, we analyze the financial literacy level of individuals using sociodemographic variables, namely age, sex, education level, working in the financial sector,
experience level, and income level. Next, we investigate the impact of financial literacy on
retirement planning. The empirical results are based on a survey of 472 individuals from
Pakistan. The results reveal that an individual's financial literacy has a positive and significant
relationship with retirement planning. The findings further reveal that males are more financially
literate than females. The results also show that as age increases, people become more careful in
spending and concerned about their retirement life, hence start savings as a part of their
retirement planning. The findings emphasize the necessity of creating more awareness to
enhance the financial literacy levels to help the individuals to plan for their retirements.
Entrepreneurship is only authentic way for economic prosperity in society. Through, entrepreneurship
economic development and social wellbeing can achieve. This study aimed to investigate the behavioral
and contextual approach for new venture creation among university students of Pakistan. The researchers
proposed a hypothetical model on bases of relation among variables. This study employed deductive
approach and quantitative method to investigate the relations of defined variables. Research instrument
were adapted from existing literature. Survey base method used for collection of primary data. The results
of study illustrate that the entrepreneurial intentions are initial phase for new venture creation among
students. Such type of intentions can develop through behavioral and contextual approaches. The first three
hypotheses from behavioral approach attitude towards behavior, perceived behavioral control and
subjective norms accepted at significance level and last two hypotheses from contextual support educational
support accepted and structural support rejected. Therefore, policy makers, curriculum designers, parents,
teachers and stakeholder may promote entrepreneurial culture among educational institutes.
Providing high-quality service is always noteworthy. Customer satisfaction is critical in both
situations. Some firms focus on maintaining existing clients, while others want to expand their
customer base. Customers can be satisfied if businesses provide high-quality services that fulfil
their demands. 200 clients of four private-sector banks in Peshawar were surveyed using
structured questionnaires. A convenience sampling approach was used to get the sample.
Multiple regression approaches were utilised to explain the combined influence of each variable
on customer satisfaction in this study. Regression analysis was used to identify the connection
between variables, as well as multiple regression techniques to find the link between variables.
Customer service efficiency, as well as its dimensions, are positively connected to client
happiness, according to the research. As a consequence, we conclude that in private banks,
consistency in customer care is important for developing client loyalty.
The major objective of the study is to investigate the role of human capital and leadership
in competitive advantage. The data was collected using a close ended questionnaire. We applied
partial least square structural equation modeling to analyze the relationships extracted from the
literature review. The results, negating the conventional wisdom, showed an insignificant impact
of strategic leadership on competitive advantage. Whereas the study's findings confirmed the
indirect effect of strategic leadership on competitive advantage, through human capital. These
findings construe the full mediating role of human capital in the association between strategic
leadership and competitive advantage. The findings imply the use of strategic leadership for human
capital development to further attain competitive advantage. The use of cross-sectional data is one
of the major limitations of the study.
Performance and efficiency evaluation in organizations has gained considerable importance in thepast three
decades. Different techniques and tools have emerged including the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) model. This
paper analyses the performance efficiency of listed Pakistani commercial banks based on their market value ratios,
namely the Market Price/Earnings (P/E) ratio and the Market Price/Book Value (P/B) ratio and then develop a
ranking. The DEA technique is a linear programming methodology which measures the relative performance of
similar firms using a variety of identical inputs and a variety of similaroutputs. All of the 20 commercial banks that
are listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange are included in thestudy. The data pertains to 2018. As per the findings, the
top five banks that are exhibiting the highest levelof relative efficiency based on their market value ratios are Faysal
Bank Limited, Bank Islami Pakistan Limited, Habib Metropolitan Bank Limited, Meezan Bank Limited and Habib
Bank Limited.